mineral
Emerald in Matrix
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Green
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
Formation & geological history
Produced in hydrothermal veins or at the contact zones of granitic pegmatites with schists. The green color comes from trace amounts of chromium or vanadium during cooling phases millions of years ago.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in high-end jewelry (gemstones). Rough specimens like this are used for mineral collecting, metaphysical purposes, and as lapidary material for cabochons.
Geological facts
Emerald is one of the 'Big Four' gemstones. Unlike most beryls (like aquamarine), emeralds almost always contain inclusions or internal fractures, often called the 'jardin' (French for garden).
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and vivid green color contrasted against a darker host rock (often schist or marble). Found in Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Russia.
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Mineral
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Mineral/Rock
Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)
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