gemstone
Emerald
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78.
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Vivid green to bluish-green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Vivid green to bluish-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium-bearing host rocks (like mica schist or limestone). Many deposits date back to the Cretaceous period.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in high-end jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings) and as a highly valued collector's gemstone.
Geological facts
Emeralds are one of the 'Big Three' precious gemstones alongside rubies and sapphires. Inclusions are so common they are poetically called the 'jardin' (garden). The Gachala Emerald is one of the world's most famous specimens.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinctive deep green color and characteristic 'jardin' inclusions. Found commonly in Colombia, Brazil, and Zambia. Collectors should look for color saturation and clarity.
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