sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown, earthy tones; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Reddish-brown, earthy tones
- Luster
- Dull to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown, earthy tones; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine sedimentary deposits. Usually Precambrian to Cenozoic in age, formed in hydrothermal or marine environments.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for jewelry (cabochons), ornamental stone carvings, and as a decorative landscaping stone. Historically used for making tools and seals.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. Its earthy colors are usually derived from iron inclusions. The name 'Jasper' originated from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (it does not transmit light even at edges), its conchoidal fracture, and it cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common in diverse locations like India, Brazil, and the Southwestern USA.
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