sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite (with Iron Oxide cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains of quartz/feldspar); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.22.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Brown, tan, reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains of quartz/feldspar); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.22.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years. This specific specimen shows rounding from water transport in a river or stream environment.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a construction material (dimension stone), in gravel production, and for manufacturing glass if the quartz content is high. Often used in landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for about 10 to 20 percent of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. The color is usually determined by the impurities in the cementing material, with iron oxides producing the brown seen here.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Commonly found in riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas. Collectors look for unique weathering or 'Moqui marble' concretions.
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