sedimentary
Sandstone (Tafoni Weathered)
Arenite (part of the Sandstone family)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Features honeycomb-like weathering pits (tafoni).
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Tan, beige, grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Features honeycomb-like weathering pits (tafoni).
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through hydraulic or aeolian processes. The pitted surface is caused by salt weathering and differential erosion over millennia.
Uses & applications
Used in construction for masonry, paving, and decorative facades. Crushed sandstone is used in glass manufacturing and as an abrasive.
Geological facts
The unique 'holey' appearance is known as tafoni, often caused by the crystallization of salt in the pores of the rock, which forces the grains apart.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering or bedding. Commonly found in deserts, river basins, and coastal cliffs.
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