sedimentary

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Red-brown, brown, ochre, with dark mottling. Luster: Vitreous to waxy. Crystal structure: Microcrystalline/Cryptocrystalline (Hexagonal). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91.

Hardness: 6
Color: Red-brown, brown, ochre, with dark mottling
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified April 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from silica-rich fluids filling cavities in sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, often containing iron oxide impurities which give it the red or brown hue. Most specimens date back to various eras including the Mesozoic and Paleozoic.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary work for cabochons, beads, and jewelry. It is also a popular stone for ornamental carvings and is a favorite among rock collectors and practitioners of crystal healing.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. Historically, it was used to create cylinder seals and amulets in ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia. It is known as the 'supreme nurturer' in metaphysical circles.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (it cannot be scratched by a steel knife) and its smooth, opaque, waxy appearance. Commonly found in river beds or coastal regions as rounded pebbles. Search in areas with previous volcanic activity or sedimentary basins.