sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with hematite/iron oxide coating)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Red to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color is derived from the oxidation of iron minerals (hematite) during the lithification process. Often formed in arid terrestrial environments like deserts or river basins.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, decorative stone in landscaping, and for architectural veneers. Historically significant in the construction of temples and monuments.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is what gives the ‘Red Rocks’ of Colorado and the famous formations in Sedona, Arizona, their iconic color. It records ancient environments, often preserving cross-bedding from prehistoric sand dunes.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-to-the-touch feel and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in the Southwestern United States, Northern England, and Central Australia. Collectors often look for pieces with distinct layering or fossil inclusions.
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