sedimentary
Ferruginous Sandstone (River Pebble)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (Iron-rich)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Rusty brown, orange, tan, Luster: Dull to earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
- Luster
- Dull to earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Rusty brown, orange, tan, Luster: Dull to earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, subsequently stained or cemented by iron oxides (like hematite or limonite). Rounded by river or water transport.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as decorative landscaping stone, aquarium rocks, or architectural aggregate; historically used as low-grade iron ore.
Geological facts
The distinct orange-brown color is due to the oxidation of iron minerals within the rock, essentially 'rusting' the stone over time.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the gritty texture of sand grains and the characteristic rusty staining. Found in riverbeds, glacial deposits, and sedimentary basins globally.
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