sedimentary
Ferruginous Sandstone
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (Sandstone with Iron Oxide cement)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (individual grains), Color: reddish-brown to dark brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains), Color: reddish-brown to dark brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized minerals. The reddish-brown color comes from iron oxide (hematite or limonite) acting as a binding agent. These typically form in fluvial or desert environments.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a building material, paving stone, or industrial sand when crushed. Sometimes used to extract iron if concentrations are high.
Geological facts
The red colors in the Grand Canyon and many famous landscapes in the American Southwest are primarily due to ferruginous sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty sandpaper-like texture and its characteristic rust-red or brown color rub-off. Found globally in basins and sedimentary outcroppings.
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