mineral

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Green to purple (multicolored); Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175–3.184.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Green to purple (multicolored)
Luster: Vitreous

Identified July 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Green to purple (multicolored); Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175–3.184.

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal activity, often filling veins in metallic ores. It can be found in limestone and dolostone via metasomatic processes. Formations can range from Paleozoic to more recent geological eras.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux for smelting, in the manufacture of certain glasses and enamels, as a source of fluorine for hydrofluoric acid, and widely used for ornamental carvings and jewelry.

Geological facts

Fluorite is famous for its wide range of colors and is known as 'the most colorful mineral in the world'. It is the source of the term 'fluorescence' because many specimens glow under ultraviolet light.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its softness (can be scratched by a steel knife) and its distinct octahedral cleavage. Large deposits are found in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district in the USA.