mineral
Fluorite
Calcium fluoride (CaF2)
Hardness: 4 (Mohs), Color: purple and green banding, Luster: Vitreous/glassy, Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific gravity: 3.17-3.56
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Physical properties
Hardness: 4 (Mohs), Color: purple and green banding, Luster: Vitreous/glassy, Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific gravity: 3.17-3.56
Formation & geological history
Formed through hydrothermal activity in veins and within sedimentary rocks such as limestone. It often crystallizes as a byproduct of volcanic and hot spring activity.
Uses & applications
Used as a flux in steelmaking, in the production of hydrofluoric acid and aluminum, for high-performance camera lenses, and widely as a decorative gemstone and for carvings.
Geological facts
Fluorite exhibits the phenomenon of fluorescence where it glows under ultraviolet light. It is often called 'the most colorful mineral in the world'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive 4-way cleavage and cubic crystals. Commonly found in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA (Illinois). Collectors look for well-defined cubes and distinct color zoning.
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Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)
Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)
Metamorphic Rock