sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Quartzose type)
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (individual grains)
- Color
- Tan, yellow, or buff
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, typically quartz. This specimen likely formed in a terrestrial or shallow marine environment during various geological periods, from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction (ashlar), as a decorative paving stone, in glass manufacturing if highly pure, and as an aquifer in geology due to its porosity.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is often the rock layer that preserves fossils and holds significant reservoirs of oil and natural gas.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' texture. Common in riverbeds, canyons, and desert environments. To verify, try scratching it with a steel knife; the grains should remain intact but feel gritty.
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