sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None, breaks across grains; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 19, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None, breaks across grains; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, typically sand-sized. It forms in environments such as deserts, river beds, and ocean floors over millions of years through lithification.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for paving and building facades, as raw material for glass manufacturing, and as a natural reservoir for oil and water.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon are composed of massive sandstone layers, and Petra in Jordan was carved directly into sandstone cliffs.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and the presence of visible layers or bedding. Commonly found in coastal areas, river valleys, and arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossils.