sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or earthy; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty to the touch like sandpaper.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, brown, or earthy
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or earthy; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty to the touch like sandpaper.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically silicate minerals like quartz and feldspar. Usually formed in river beds, beaches, or desert environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, grit for sharpening tools, in glass manufacturing, and as an decorative stone in landscaping. Tiny river-worn pieces like this are often collected for home aquariums or terrariums.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and is found in sedimentary basins throughout the world. Famous structures like Petra in Jordan are carved directly into sandstone cliffs.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and visible sand grains. It is extremely common in riverbeds, beaches, and desert regions worldwide. Collectors often look for colorful banding or fossil inclusions.
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