mineral
Galena
Lead(II) sulfide (PbS)
Hardness: 2.5-2.75 Mohs; Color: Lead-gray to silver; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect cubic in three directions; Specific Gravity: 7.2-7.6 (very heavy)
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Lead-gray to silver
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-2.75 Mohs; Color: Lead-gray to silver; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect cubic in three directions; Specific Gravity: 7.2-7.6 (very heavy)
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and through replacement in limestone or dolostone. It is often found in sedimentary environments and can range from Precambrian to much younger geological ages.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of lead; also used as a source of silver. Historically used for early radio detectors (crystal radios), pottery glazes, and pigments.
Geological facts
Galena is the most important lead ore. It is known for its incredible weight for its size and its tendency to break into perfect tiny cubes when crushed.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its high density, metallic silver luster, and cubic cleavage. Found in places like the Tri-State district (USA), Morocco, and Cornwall (UK). Collectors should wash hands after handling due to lead content.
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