mineral

Garnet (likely Almandine)

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 6.5-7.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to resinous; Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic (often dodecahedral); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3

Hardness: 6
Color: Deep red to reddish-brown
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified July 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed during regional metamorphism of clay-rich sedimentary rocks (like shale) under high pressure and temperature; typically found in metamorphic rocks like schist and gneiss.

Uses & applications

Used extensively as a gemstone in jewelry, and industrially as an abrasive for sandblasting and waterjet cutting due to its hardness and sharp fracture.

Geological facts

Garnet is the birthstone for January. While red is most common, garnets can occur in almost every color except blue. The name comes from the Latin word 'granatus', meaning seed-like, referring to its resemblance to pomegranate seeds.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its dark red color, lack of cleavage, and common 12-sided crystal habit. Often found in micaceous schists. Common locations include India, Madagascar, and parts of the United States like New York and Idaho.