igneous

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic igneous rock composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled grey, white, pink, and black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Dependent on mineral constituents (perfect in mica, none in quartz); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Mottled grey, white, pink, and black
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified April 3, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). They are found in the continental crust and are typically millions to billions of years old.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as aggregate in road building.

Geological facts

Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. It originates from the Latin word 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals. It is ubiquitous in mountain ranges and continental shields. For collectors, look for unique color variations or large crystal growth.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral