sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (Clastic Sedimentary Rock)
Mohs hardness: 6 to 7; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2 to 2.8.
- Hardness
- 6 to 7
- Color
- Tan, brown, or grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6 to 7; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2 to 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Sandstone forms from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. It often forms in deserts, riverbeds, and ocean basins, predominantly during the Paleozoic through Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in the construction industry as a building material, for paving, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones. High-purity silica sandstone is used for industrial sand.
Geological facts
Sandstone aquifers often serve as primary sources of drinking water. The famous rock formations in Antelope Canyon and Zion National Park are composed of prehistoric sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Check for a gritty, sandpaper-like feel. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and exposed cliff faces. It may contain visible layers or cross-bedding.
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