Sandstone

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, yellow, orange with reddish staining, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal Structure: clastic (sand grains), Cleavage: none, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains, typically in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches. This specimen likely features limonite or hematite staining, giving it an ochre-orange hue. Its age can range from relatively young to hundreds of millions of years (Paleozoic to Cenozoic).

A cornerstone of the construction industry for use as a building stone, paving, and decorative tile. It is also a critical reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum and is used in the manufacturing of glass and abrasives.

Sandstone makes up approximately 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous 'Red Rocks' in CO and Arizona and the ancient city of Petra in Jordan are carved directly into various types of sandstone.

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering or bedding planes. It is found globally, specifically in basin environments or eroded cliffs. For collectors, look for unique patterns like 'cross-bedding' or fossil inclusions.