igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Intrusive Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Mottled white and black/grey, Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals), Cleavage: Varies by mineral component
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Mottled white and black/grey, Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals), Cleavage: Varies by mineral component
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Common in continental crust and mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, countertops, flooring, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found at Earth's surface. It makes up a large part of the continental crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' crystalline texture; commonly found in riverbeds or mountain outcrops in felsic geological regions.
