igneous
Granite
Granite
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, red, gray, or white with dark specks; Luster: Phaneritic (visible crystals), vitreous to dull; Structure: Massive, granular; Cleavage: None (individual minerals have cleavage); Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Pink, red, gray, or white with dark specks
- Luster
- Phaneritic (visible crystals), vitreous to dull
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, red, gray, or white with dark specks; Luster: Phaneritic (visible crystals), vitreous to dull; Structure: Massive, granular; Cleavage: None (individual minerals have cleavage); Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma beneath the Earth's surface (intrusive). Common in continental crust and mountain ranges, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. The iconic peaks of Yosemite National Park and the faces on Mount Rushmore are carved into granite.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/gray), feldspar (pink/white), and mica (black/shiny). Common in glacial till or mountainous outcrops.
