Igneous
Granite
Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, grey, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (individual minerals like feldspar have cleavage, but the rock unit does not); Specific gravity: 2.65 - 2.75 g/cm³.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pink, grey, and black mottled
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, grey, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (individual minerals like feldspar have cleavage, but the rock unit does not); Specific gravity: 2.65 - 2.75 g/cm³.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). Composed primarily of quartz, potassium feldspar (pink), and plagioclase feldspar, with minor amounts of mica or amphiboles (black).
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments. It is also used in high-traffic commercial buildings due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest natural stones in the world and has been used since ancient Egypt to build pyramids and temples.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' or mottled appearance with visible interlocking crystals. It is found in mountain ranges and continental shields worldwide. For collectors, common river-worn or tumbled specimens are easy to find.
