igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper appearance with tan, white, and black; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt-and-pepper appearance with tan, white, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper appearance with tan, white, and black; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is primarily composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica. This intrusive rock type is found in continental crust and dates from various geological eras, including the Precambrian.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the majority of the Earth's continental crust. Famous peaks like Yosemite's Half Dome and Mount Rushmore are carved from massive granite batholiths.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its coarse, interlocking mineral grains that are visible to the naked eye. It will not scratch with a copper penny but will scratch glass. Commonly found in mountainous regions or where ancient tectonic plate collisions occurred.
