igneous
Granite
Granitoid (comprised of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Found in continental crust within mountain ranges or batholiths formed across various geological eras.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable common stones, which is why it has been used since ancient Egypt for building pyramids and temples.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its interlocking visible crystals. It is found in mountain belts and shield areas like the Rockies, Appalachians, or Canadian Shield. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions like large tourmaline or garnets.
