igneous
Granite
Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, salt-and-pepper, tan; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Gray, salt-and-pepper, tan
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, salt-and-pepper, tan; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock that cools over millions of years, allowing for large mineral growth. Commonly found in the continental crust.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments/gravestones due to its durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. It is so hard that it can only be cut with diamond-edged tools. The famous Half Dome in Yosemite National Park is a massive granite monolith.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in mountain ranges and eroded shield areas.
