igneous
Granite
Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, grey, black, and white (mottled); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) containing quartz, feldspar, and mica; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pink, grey, black, and white (mottled)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, grey, black, and white (mottled); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) containing quartz, feldspar, and mica; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. This intrusive process allows large crystals to grow. Most granites date from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal. Also used as crushed stone (aggregate) for road building.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the continental crust. The iconic faces on Mount Rushmore are carved into a granite batholith. It is the signature rock of many mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevadas.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' look with visible intergrown crystals of different colors. It is found in massive plutons and continental shields worldwide. Collectors look for unique color variations or large crystal inclusions.
