igneous
Granite
Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Pinkish-grey to white with dark specks, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Crystal structure: Coarse-grained phaneritic, Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Pinkish-grey to white with dark specks, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Crystal structure: Coarse-grained phaneritic, Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. Primarily composed of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica and amphiboles. Geologically widespread across continental crust.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a construction material, dimensional stone, kitchen countertops, paving stones, and monuments. Also popular as a specimen for geology students.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the most common rocks on the Earth's surface, making up much of the continental crust. The pink color in many specimens comes from potassium feldspar (orthoclase).
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its coarse-grained (interlocking) crystals and hardness. It cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found in mountainous regions and shield areas.
