igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic igneous rock (SiO2-rich)
Phaneritic texture (visible crystals), Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale, Color: Salt-and-pepper (tan, grey, brown, black), Luster: Dull to vitreous, Composition: Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphibole.
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Physical properties
Phaneritic texture (visible crystals), Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale, Color: Salt-and-pepper (tan, grey, brown, black), Luster: Dull to vitreous, Composition: Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphibole.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. High silica content suggests origin in the continental crust, often during mountain-building prehistoric events (Proterozoic to Phanerozoic).
Uses & applications
Widely used for dimension stone, countertops, paving, construction aggregate, and as gravel for landscaping.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest and most common rocks on Earth, making up much of the continental crust. The term granite comes from the Latin word 'granum', meaning a grain.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking crystalline texture containing transparent/grey quartz and opaque feldspar. Commonly found in mountain ranges, quarries, and as glacial erratic boulders.
