igneous
Granite
Granite (High-silica plutonic rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, grey, black). Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible coarse grains). Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly).
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Salt-and-pepper (white, grey, black)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, grey, black). Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible coarse grains). Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly).
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock typical of continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, flooring, and curbing. Also used in monuments, sculptures, and as aggregate in road building.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones available, which is why it's a staple in architecture.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'mosaic' of visible mineral grains, usually including clear/grey quartz, white/pink feldspar, and dark biotite or hornblende. It is found in mountain ranges and glacial deposits.
