igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock (composed primarily of Quartz and Alkali Feldspar)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red due to K-feldspar, with white, gray, and black speckles; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red due to K-feldspar, with white, gray, and black speckles; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Most granite is associated with continental crust formation across various geological eons, often found in mountain belts.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments. Also used as crushed stone/aggregate for road base and railroad ballast.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the majority of Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is one of the most famous granite monoliths in the world.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' look and interlocked visible crystals. It is extremely hard and cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Found in plutons, batholiths, and exposed mountain ranges.
