igneous
Granite
Intrusive Felsic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarsegrained/visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Pink, light gray, or white with dark flecks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarsegrained/visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is an intrusive plutonic rock found in continental crust across all geological ages, especially in mountain belts and cratons.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the continental crust. The iconic peaks of Yosemite National Park and the faces on Mount Rushmore are carved into granite formations.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its interlocking, 'salt and pepper' crystalline texture where minerals are large enough to see with the naked eye. Commonly found in mountainous regions or areas with exposed continental shields like Canada or Scandinavia.
