igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Gray, white, pink, or orange; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Gray, white, pink, or orange
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Gray, white, pink, or orange; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Primarily composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Geological age can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic depending on the location.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the continental crust. The term granite comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a crystalline rock.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled appearance and 'salt and pepper' crystalline texture. Commonly found in mountainous regions or shield areas like the Canadian Shield or the Appalachians.
