igneous
Granite
Granite (composed primarily of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grayish-white with black and pinkish specks; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Grayish-white with black and pinkish specks
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grayish-white with black and pinkish specks; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds. It makes up a large portion of the continental crust and is famously found in formations like Yosemite's El Capitan.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its visible interlocking crystals of different colors. It is common in mountainous regions and areas where ancient crust is exposed. Look for the 'salt and pepper' appearance.
