igneous
Granite
Plutonic felsic igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained coarse crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (gray, white, black)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (gray, white, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained coarse crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a major component of the continental crust and can be billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds. It makes up the core of many mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'mosaic' of visible crystals. It is found globally in continental shields and mountain belts. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions like garnet or tourmaline.
