igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Igneous Rock (composed mostly of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or pink with dark speckles; Luster: dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically white, gray, or pink with dark speckles
- Luster
- dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or pink with dark speckles; Luster: dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). Geological age varies from billions of years (Precambrian) to more recent eras depending on the specific batholith.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Famous landmarks like Mount Rushmore and the Egyptian Pyramids contain or are made of various types of granite and related stones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals. It is found in mountain ranges and eroded continental shields worldwide. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions like tourmaline or garnet.
