igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (SiO2 + Al2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-tan with black and white mottling; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-tan with black and white mottling
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-tan with black and white mottling; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma below Earth's surface. This specimen likely belongs to a continental pluton formed millions of years ago, often exposed by crustal uplift and erosion.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, architectural facades, countertops, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. It contains quartz, which is one of the hardest common minerals, making granite incredibly durable.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz (clear/gray), feldspar (pink/white), and biotite or hornblende (black). It is commonly found in mountainous regions or glacial till.
