igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic felsic rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper (white/gray with black specks). Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals). Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Salt-and-pepper (white/gray with black specks)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper (white/gray with black specks). Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals). Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Found in continental crust, often appearing in mountain ranges after millions of years of erosion and uplift.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, countertops, monuments, paving stones, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on the Earth's surface. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith in South Dakota.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking granular texture where individual minerals like translucent quartz and opaque feldspar are clearly visible to the naked eye. Found worldwide in continental shields and orogenic belts.
