igneous
Granite
Granite (composed primarily of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled grey, white, pink, or black; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically mottled grey, white, pink, or black
- Luster
- vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled grey, white, pink, or black; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.65 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth’s surface (intrusive). It is a major component of continental crust and can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic in age.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base and concrete aggregate.
Geological facts
Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith. Granite is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones, making it the choice for the base of the Statue of Liberty.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its visible, interlocking mineral grains and lack of foliation. Commonly found in mountain ranges and continental shield areas. Look for crystal faces of quartz and feldspar that sparkle in the light.
