igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Igneous Rock (Granite)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, red, white, gray; Luster: Dull (weathered) to Vitreous (internal); Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (it fractures); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Pink, red, white, gray
- Luster
- Dull (weathered) to Vitreous (internal)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, red, white, gray; Luster: Dull (weathered) to Vitreous (internal); Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (it fractures); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow subterranean cooling and crystallization of magma rich in silica and alkali metal oxides. Commonly formed in continental crust during mountain-building events (orogenies) throughout Earth's history.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, flooring, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base and railroad ballast.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest and most durable rocks on Earth, making it a primary component of the continental crust. The color in this specimen is largely due to potassium-rich feldspar (Orthoclase).
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking crystalline texture and lack of layering. It is found globally in mountainous and continental shield areas. For collectors, look for well-defined large crystals or unusual inclusions.
