igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic felsic rock (Quartz, Feldspar, Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pinkish-white, gray, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (visible coarse-grained crystals); Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pinkish-white, gray, and black mottled
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pinkish-white, gray, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (visible coarse-grained crystals); Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive). Geological age varies from Archean to Cenozoic depending on the specific mountain range or shield where it is sourced.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments. Also used as crushed stone for road base and railroad ballast.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is one of the world's most famous giant granite monoliths.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and large visible interlocking crystals. It will scratch glass and does not react with acid. Commonly found in mountainous regions or ancient continental shields.
