Igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled grey, white, pink, and black; Lustre: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Mottled grey, white, pink, and black
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled grey, white, pink, and black; Lustre: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust across all geological ages, often forming large batholiths.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, curbing, and as dimension stone for monuments and building facades. Also used as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. The iconic peaks of Yosemite National Park, such as Half Dome and El Capitan, are composed of massive granite monoliths.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is ubiquitous in mountainous regions and shield areas like the Canadian Shield.
