igneous
Granite
Granite (Feldspar-Quartz-Mica Intrusive)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pink, white, grey, or tan with dark inclusions; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.65-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pink, white, grey, or tan with dark inclusions
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pink, white, grey, or tan with dark inclusions; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.65-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. These plutonic rocks often date back hundreds of millions to billions of years, formed in the roots of mountain belts.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments. It is valued for its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore and the Egyptian pyramids both feature granite as a primary material.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its interlocking visible grains of quartz, feldspar, and biotite mica. It is common in mountainous terrains and shield areas like the Rockies or the Canadian Shield.
