igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock (KAlSi3O8 + SiO2 + NaAlSi3O8)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White and grey with dark specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White and grey with dark specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White and grey with dark specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow cooling and crystallization of silica-rich magma deep underground. Most granites date from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras, found in continental crustal shields.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, countertops, monuments, paving stones, and as crushed stone for road base and railroad ballast.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents and makes up the bulk of the continental crust. Half Dome in Yosemite National Park is one of the world's most famous granite monoliths.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' crystalline texture where minerals are large enough to see with the naked eye. Found globally in mountainous regions and exposed shields like the Canadian Shield.
