igneous
Granite
Intrusive Felsic Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Gray, light-pink, or white; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on the Mohs scale
- Color
- Gray, light-pink, or white
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
Identified More igneous →
Explore Granite in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Gray, light-pink, or white; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is primarily composed of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica and amphiboles. Most granite dates back to the Precambrian or Paleozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments. Due to its durability, it is also used in structural engineering and architectural facades.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith in South Dakota. It is one of the hardest and most durable common stones available.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking mineral crystals. It is found in mountain ranges and continental shield areas globally. Collectors should look for unique mineral inclusions like tourmaline or garnet.
