igneous
Granite
Granite (High-silica plutonic rock)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink, with black/brown specks; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars, none in quartz; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White, gray, pink, with black/brown specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink, with black/brown specks; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars, none in quartz; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Typical of continental crust formation throughout geological history, especially during orogenic events.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents and makes up the core of many mountain ranges. The name comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' appearance of quartz, feldspar, and mica minerals. Commonly found in massive plutons and batholiths in continental shields.
