igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Igneous Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-tan with dark specks; Luster: Dull to pearly (vitreous on fresh surfaces); Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-tan with dark specks
- Luster
- Dull to pearly (vitreous on fresh surfaces)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-tan with dark specks; Luster: Dull to pearly (vitreous on fresh surfaces); Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). They can form over millions of years and are found in the continental crust, often appearing in mountain ranges after uplift and erosion.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found at Earth's surface and makes up a significant portion of the continental crust. Half Dome in Yosemite National Park is a famous granite batholith.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and large, interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in tectonic plate margins and core areas of mountains.
