igneous
Granite
Phaneritic intrusive felsic igneous rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Mottled gray, black, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Mottled gray, black, and white
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Mottled gray, black, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma below the Earth's surface. This intrusive process allows for the growth of large, visible mineral grains. Many granites date back to the Precambrian or Paleozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest natural stones, making it highly resistant to weathering and erosion.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz and feldspar. Commonly found in mountainous regions and areas where ancient continental crust is exposed.
