igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Gray, white, and pinkish hues with dark specks. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals). Cleavage: Varies by mineral content (feldspar has good cleavage).
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Gray, white, and pinkish hues with dark specks
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Gray, white, and pinkish hues with dark specks. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals). Cleavage: Varies by mineral content (feldspar has good cleavage).
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and crystallization of magma deep beneath the Earth's surface (plutonic). Found in continental crust plates, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. The Great Pyramid of Giza contains huge blocks of granite in the King's Chamber.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled, 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz and feldspar. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas.
