igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Plutonic Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Pinkish-tan with white and gray speckles. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains. Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pinkish-tan with white and gray speckles
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Pinkish-tan with white and gray speckles. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains. Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a felsic intrusive rock common in continental crust, often dating from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction (countertops, flooring, monuments), as crushed stone for road base, and as decorative landscaping stones.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents and makes up the core of many mountain ranges. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking kristalline texture and visible grains of quartz (glassy) and feldspar (opaque/pinkish). Common in glacial deposits or mountainous outcrops. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions like garnet or tourmaline.
