sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, or white; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Tan, beige, or white
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, or white; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years, often in desert, river, or ocean environments. Can range from the Precambrian to recent geological ages.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a construction material (dimension stone), in the manufacturing of glass (if high silica content), and as an architectural decorative stone.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon exhibit massive layers of various sandstone types like the Coconino Sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinctive 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions. Collectors should look for cross-bedding or fossil inclusions.